@INPROCEEDINGS{Ven06_BIOROB2,
  AUTHOR =       {Venture,G and Yamane,K and Nakamura,Y},
  TITLE =        { Identification of human musculo-tendon subject specific dynamics using musculo-skeletal computations and non linear least squares},
  BOOKTITLE =    {Proc. of the IEEE/RAS-EMBS Int. Conf. on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics},
  YEAR =         {2006},
  pages =         {211-216},
  address =      {Pisa, Italy},
  month =        {February},
  abstract =     {The human body dynamics is very complex because of the number of degrees of freedom and of the number of muscles. Moreover the behavior of muscles is non-linear and subject specific. This paper presents an original method to estimate the subject specific dynamic parameters of the human muscles. A dynamic model of muscle, commonly used by the biomechanics community, is first presented. Then the force-activity-length-velocity relation is given. An applicationwith four muscles, to the flexion/extension of the elbow joint is proposed. The human arm dynamics is analyzed in a motion capture studio for specific movements that excite the muscle dynamics. The acquisition of movements allows to compute theinverse kinematics and the inverse dynamics using a musculoskeletal model of the human body, and finally the muscle force is estimated (input of the dynamic model of the muscle). The activity (also  input of the dynamic model of the muscle) is measured using electromyography (EMGs) for the superficial muscles. The subject specific parameters of those muscles are then estimated by the non-linear least square method with 
Newton-Gauss algorithm. Experimental results obtain for validsubject are given.},
  keywords =      {musculo-tendon dynamics, inverse dynamics, muscculo-skeletal human model, electromyogram, motion capture},
}